Southern Dogface

Colias cesonia

The Southern Dogface is considered a migrant in Wisconsin. It is mainly a southern species but should be looked for in the southern counties of the state in most years, as well as along the major rivers or along Lake Michigan, both of which seem to be favorite routes north for migrating or stray species. Ebner (1970) notes that this species may at times form colonies and reproduce in the state.

Identifying characteristics

Above, this butterfly, which is slightly larger than the Clouded Sulphur, is yellow with a very distinctive black border, and has a pointed front wing. The yellow on the forewing forms what looks like a dog’s head, hence its common name. Below, the pointed shape of the front wing is evident. Late season individuals are often tinged with pink.

Similar species

On the wing, this species could be mistaken for the Clouded Sulphur, but the shape of the wing, somewhat larger size, and the distinctive border distinguishes this species easily when it alights.

Habitat

Old fields, prairie, roadsides, and edges of woodlands, especially where its host plants false indigo (Amorpha fruiticosa_), leadplant (_Amorpha canescens), or other lugumes grow.

Flight

Reportedly may have two or more generations in Illinois; if this migrant species is able to enter the state early in the year, they may reproduce and have several broods, at least in the southern part of the state.

Abundance

This species is not likely to be seen in large numbers in Wisconsin, and is usually seen singly. Although it is uncommon, it was reported in Wisconsin in half of the years during the period 2000-2009.

Early Southern Dogface Sightings

Date	County	Reported by
Jul 3, 2001	Green Lake	Ann & Scott Swengel
Jul 9, 2017	Grant	Karl and Dorothy Legler
Jul 10, 2012	Crawford	Kyle Johnson
Jul 26, 2017	Dane	Dale Bonk
Jul 27, 2017	Dane	Douglas Buege

Locations